컴맹탈출과 영어정복

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0055-0057 인문-국민대-편입영어-수능만점영어

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0055-0057 인문-국민대-편입영어-수능만점영어

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0047-0049 인문-광운대-편입영어-수능만점영어

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[0045. ~ 0046.] 한양대07

Aristotle distinguished three types of friendship in The Nicomanchean Ethics: "friendship based on utility," such as businessmen cultivating each other for benefit; "friendship based on pleasure," Like young people interested in partying; and "perfect friendship." The first two categories Aristotle calls "qualified and superficial friendships," because they are founded on circumstances that could easily change; the last, which based on admiration for another's good character, is more permanent, but also rarer, because good men "are few." Cicero, who wrote perhaps the best treatise on friendship, also insisted that what brings true friends together is "a mutual belief in each other's goodness." This insistence on virtue as a precondition for true friendship may strike us as impossibly demanding: who, after all, feels himself good nowadays? And yet, if I honest, I must admit that the friendships of mine which have lasted longest have been with those integrity, or humanity, or strength to bear their troubles I continue to admire. , when I lost respect for someone, however winning he otherwise remained, the friendship petered away almost immediately. "Remove respect from friendship," said Cicero, "and you have taken away the most splendid ornament it possesses."

37. 이 글의 흐름상 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은?

(A) Finally(B) Conversely (C) Admittedly(D) Accordingly

38. 이 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

(A) Aristotle views "friendship based on pleasure" as an exceptional one.

(B) Aristotle denies that perfect friendship is based on a good relationship.

(C) Cicero believes that friendship should be based on reciprocal trust.

(D) The author judges that Cicero valued the way of revealing rare friendship.

- Analysis -

Aristotle distinguished three types of friendship in The Nicomanchean Ethics:

(아리스토텔레스는 Nicomanchean 윤리학에서 세 종류의 우정을 구분하였다)

"friendship based on utility," such as businessmen cultivating each other for benefit;

(사업가들이 이득을 위해 서로와 친해지려고 하는 것과 같은 실용성에 근거한 우정)

cultivate: [우정, 애정 등을] 기르려고 하다, [재능 등을] 기르다, [땅을] 경작하다.

"friendship based on pleasure," Like young people interested in partying; and "perfect friendship."

(“쾌락을 근거한 우정,” 파티에 흥미를 느끼는 젊은이들과 같은; 그리고 “완벽한 우정.”)

The first two categories Aristotle calls "qualified and superficial friendships," because they are founded on circumstances that could easily change;

(아리스토텔레스는 첫 번째 2개의 범주를 조건부적 이고 피상적인 우정이라 부른다,“ 왜냐하면 그것들은 쉽게 변할 수 있는 환경에 토대를 두기 때문이다)

qualified : 조건부의, 자질[능력]이 있는 / superficial : 외관상의, 피상적인

the last, which based on admiration for another's good character, is more permanent, but also rarer, because good men "are few."

(다른 사람의 착한 마음씨에 근거한 마지막 번째(우정)은 더더욱 영원하지만 또한 드물다. 착한 사람들은 거의 없기 때문이다.)

Cicero, who wrote perhaps the best treatise on friendship, also insisted that what brings true friends together is "a mutual belief in each other's goodness."

(아마도 우정에 관한 최고의 논문을 집필한 키케로는 진정한 우정을 가져오는 것 “서로의 선량함에서의 상호간의 믿음이다.” 라고 주장했다)

키케로(106-43 B.C.): 고대 로마의 정치가·웅변가·저술가. / bring together : 소집하다, 화해시키다, 모이게 하다

This insistence on virtue as a precondition for true friendship may strike us as impossibly demanding: who, after all, feels himself good nowadays?

(진정한 우정의 위한 선결조건으로 미덕에 대한 강조는 우리에게 불가능한 요구라는 인상을 준다. 결국, 오늘날 누가가 자신을 착하다고 느끼나?)

strike : [생각 등이] 마음에 떠오르다, [남에게] 강한 인상을 주다 / demanding : 지나치고 요구하는, [일 등이] 빠듯한

And yet, if I honest, I must admit that the friendships of mine which have lasted longest have been with those integrity, or humanity, or strength to bear their troubles I continue to admire.

(그런데도, 만일 내가 정직하다면, 가장 오래 지속되고 있는 나의 우정은 그러한 고결함, 또는 인간애, 또는 내가 계속 찬미하는 그러한 문제들을 인내하는 강인함을 가지고 왔다는 것을 나는 인정해야만 한다.)

, when I lost respect for someone, however winning he otherwise remained, the friendship petered away almost immediately.

(내가 누군가에 대한 존경을 상실했을 때, 그가 다른 한편으로 매력적일지라도, 그 우정은 거의 즉시 사라졌다.)

(비격식) [광맥 등이] 점차 가늘어지다, 사라지다; [힘·불 등이] 점차 소멸하다, 점점 쇠하여 꺼지다[out, (영)away].

"Remove respect from friendship," said Cicero, "and you have taken away the most splendid ornament it possesses."

“우정으로부터 존경심을 없애라 그러면 여러분은 그것이(우정)이 소유하고 있는 가장 빛나는 장식을 없앤것이 되는 것이다”라고 키케로는 말했다.

37. 이 글의 흐름상 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은?

(A) Finally(B) Conversely (C) Admittedly(D) Accordingly

38. 이 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

(A) Aristotle views "friendship based on pleasure" as an exceptional one.

(B) Aristotle denies that perfect friendship is based on a good relationship.

(C) Cicero believes that friendship should be based on reciprocal trust.

(D) The author judges that Cicero valued the way of revealing rare friendship.

0042-0044 인문-고려대-편입영어-수능만점영어

0042~0044. [고려대07]

  Sometimes we are so busy that we feel we don't have time to plan, but in fact, no matter how busy we are, we should find it worthwhile to take time to plan our activities. Perhaps we don't have time to plan and do absolutely everything else we would like to get done. Yet, by neglecting to plan, we will free very little time; and by failing to plan, we shall probably not discriminate among the essential and nonessential activities. If we spend only ten minutes at the beginning or end of the day planning, our efforts will be repaid many times over. The less time we feel we have to spare, the more important it is to plan our time carefully.

  Planning and making choices involve careful thinking and decision making. In the process, we learn to recognize what criteria we use in setting priorities. In all types of planning, we make lists and set priorities. A most useful planning strategy is to make a daily "To do" list. Not all the items on the list are of equal value. Once we have made a list, we need to set priorities on the basis of what is important to us on this particular day.

53. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(A) Busy people need to plan their lives more.

(B) Prioritizing is not a difficult task to do.

(C) Planning should be done on a daily basis.

(D) Planning is essential in managing time and effort.

54. Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passange?

(A) Non-essential activities should be given low priority.

(B) The order of priorities of what to do should not be changed.

(C) Things on a "To Do" list need not carry the same importance.

(D) Planning for a short time can save much time later.

-------------------------------------------- Analysis ------------------------------------------------------

Sometimes we are so busy that we feel we don't have time to plan, but in fact, no matter how busy we are, we should find it worthwhile to take time to plan our activities.

1. so a/ad that s + v : 너무 a/ad해서 s + v이다

2. find it(가목적어) + a + to 부정사(진목적어) :

때때로 우리는 너무 바빠 계획할 시간이 없지만, 사실, 아무리 우리가 바쁘더라도, 우리는 우리의 활동을 계획하는 것은 가치가 있다는 것을 알아야만 한다.

Perhaps we don't have time to plan and do absolutely everything else we would like to get done.

아마도 끝마치고 싶어 하는 것을 제외한 모든 것을 전적으로 계획하여 할 시간이 없다.

Yet, by neglecting to plan, we will free very little time; and by failing to plan, we shall probably not discriminate among the essential and nonessential activities.

very little time : 거의 시간을 없어서 ~ 못하게 되는

그러나 계획을 무시하는 것으로, 우리는 거의 시간으로부터 자유롭지 못할 것이다; 그리하여 계획을 하지 못하는 것으로, 우리는 꼭 필요하고 꼭 필요하지 않은 활동을 아마도 구별하지 못하게 될 것이다.

If we spend only ten minutes at the beginning or end of the day planning, our efforts will be repaid many times over.

spend + 시간 + ing : 시간을 ~ing하면서 보내다

만일 우리가 하루의 시작 또는 끝에서 단지 10분만을 계획하는데 쓴다면, 우리의 노력은 10배 이상 보상을 받게 될 것이다.

The less time we feel we have to spare, the more important it is to plan our time carefully.

the 비교급 + S + V, the 비교급 + 형용사 + S + V : ~하면 할수록, 더욱 더 ...하다

우리가 여유로운 시간이 더더욱 없다고 느끼면 느낄수록, 우리가 조심스럽게 계호기하는 것은 더욱더 중요하다.

Planning and making choices involve careful thinking and decision making.

계획을 하는 것과 선택을 하는 것은 조심스런 사고와 의사결정을 포함한다.

In the process, we learn to recognize what criteria we use in setting priorities.

이 과정에서, 우리는 우선권을 설정할 때 사용하는 기준을 인식하는 것을 배운다.

In all types of planning, we make lists and set priorities.

모든 종류의 계획에서, 우리는 명단을 작성하고 우선권을 둔다.

A most useful planning strategy is to make a daily "To do" list.

가장 유용한 계획전략중 하나는 일상에서 “해야할” 명단을 작성하는 것이다.

Not all the items on the list are of equal value.

1. not all : (부분부정) 모든 것이 반드시 ~한 것이 아닌

2. of equal value = equally valuable

명단에 있는 모든 항목들이 반드시 똑같이 귀중한 것만은 아니다.

Once we have made a list, we need to set priorities on the basis of what is important to us on this particular day.

once : (접속사) 일단 ~한다면

일단 우리가 명단을 작성했다면, 우리는 이 특정한 날에 우리에게 중요한 것을 기반으로 우선권을 정해야할 필요가 있다.

53. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(A) Busy people need to plan their lives more.

(B) Prioritizing is not a difficult task to do.

(C) Planning should be done on a daily basis.

(D) Planning is essential in managing time and effort.

54. Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passange?

(A) Non-essential activities should be given low priority.

(B) The order of priorities of what to do should not be changed.

(C) Things on a "To Do" list need not carry the same importance.

(D) Planning for a short time can save much time later.